Since the state issued encouraging policies, the construction of characteristic towns has entered a stage of rapid development。However, Xinhua reporters in many places found that some places rely on government departments to build "performance towns";The construction of some characteristic towns has become a new means for real estate companies to manufacture new inventory, and the "real estate" is obvious;There are also some places heavy "shape" light "soul", characteristic town characteristics are insufficient。
Experts remind that the "not special" phenomenon of characteristic towns should be vigilant and beware of alienation。We must follow the rules, develop in a focused and distinctive way, and not rush ahead。We should give full play to the role of market players, and the government should provide support and guidance. We should not assume all responsibilities, still less meddle with others on our behalf。
Some characteristic town construction "out of shape"
At present, the construction of characteristic towns, from the provincial level down to the county level, local governments are carrying out the construction of characteristic towns through investment, subsidies, incentives and other ways。However, the reporter found that in the construction of some characteristic towns, they are easily driven by political achievements and have evolved into "task projects".。
-- Eager to achieve, easy to "task engineering", "image engineering"。Some provinces have created their own lists of characteristic towns and issued specific tasks to take "de-hat" measures for characteristic towns that have not completed their annual investment targets。In some places, administrative orders are simply used to issue relevant policies and stipulate the specific time, quantity and scale of the construction of characteristic towns。
There are a number of fund towns, a number of health care towns, and a number of robot towns, and a large part of them are "following the trend" that do not have an industrial foundation.。
-- Blindly follow the trend, a bunch of "muddled accounts"。When the reporter visited some characteristic towns in the west, the head of the local government said that they were confused about the development of the town, and now they only asked outsourcing enterprises and universities to do a good job in the early planning。Preparing to attract investment, how to configure the relevant industrial chain has not been considered clearly。
A cadre in Gansu said that some areas use the construction of characteristic towns as a way to get "money and hats.。Some grassroots local governments are excited to grab the hat of a special town, thinking that money is coming。Whether it is the township government or the enterprise, there is a share of the idea。
-- Improper administrative intervention hindering the development of market players。In the interview, the reporter found that some local governments are easy to create markets in accordance with their own subjective way of thinking when planning and building characteristic towns, leading to the dislocation of operation subjects and violating the law of the market。Some government or department,Although it is realized that traditional practices such as "government investment and investment promotion" do not apply to characteristic towns,However, the main status of "government investment" has not changed greatly,It shows that the field of investment enterprises is scattered, the phenomenon of project fragmentation is serious, and the core industry is not prominent,Resulting in the absence of substantive operating subjects。Some towns are still setting up development companies, while others have nominally market-oriented entities, but their management and operations are still heavily influenced by the government。
Zhao Hui, chief economist of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, said that the construction experience of small towns with Zhejiang characteristics has revealed that the development of small towns must follow rules, have a focus and characteristics of development, and can not be rushed。We should give full play to the role of market players, and the government should provide support and guidance. We should not assume all responsibilities, still less meddle with others on our behalf。
The trend of "real estate" is emerging
The reporter visited and found that the construction of characteristic towns is becoming a new "nuggets point" for some real estate enterprises.。Since the three national ministries and commissions announced the list of characteristic towns and issued relevant policies, in less than half a year, a number of housing enterprises have issued town strategies。
However, the reporter noted that there is a phenomenon of real estate development in the name of characteristic towns in some areas。In Pearl River Delta,A real estate company promotes industrial real estate with the concept of "science and technology town",Obtain large amount of land resources support from local government;In the Yangtze River Delta,One real estate company plans to create standardised "agricultural towns" around big cities: two square kilometers of agricultural area with one square kilometer of construction area,The plan is to carry 30,000 people。
Li Tie, chairman and chief economist of the National Center for Urban and Small Town Reform and Development, believes that once the development of characteristic towns introduces real estate, it will increase the cost of land, and it will be difficult to realize the development of characteristic industries, and eventually it will become the dominant real estate industry, and bring a large number of small town inventory。
Said Chen Yajun, deputy director of the development planning department of the National Development and Reform Commission,Characteristic towns are sought after by some housing enterprises,Mainly because we have solved the problem of expensive land,Characteristic towns often cover an area of more than ten square kilometers,The cost of acquiring land from the government in the name of a characteristic town is relatively low,However, this deviates from the original intention of building a characteristic town。
Heavy "form" light "soul" supporting insufficient
Reporter's investigation found,Some "characteristic towns" are deviating from connotation to reality: some characteristic towns look good in "face",However, infrastructure and service supporting facilities are insufficient;Some local governments borrowed money to build characteristic towns,The risk is greater;Some places do not pay attention to the exploitation of local resources,Ignoring cultural and industrial fulcrum,Small town construction emphasizes "form" rather than "soul"。
-- Insufficient infrastructure。A northwestern province plans to build a tourism and cultural characteristics of the town, but in the construction of supporting facilities, a government staff in the town bluntly, the town even a decent reception of tourists to stay in the hotel there is no, let alone tourism service standards, tourism quality。Some small towns are too far from the city center, facing many problems such as inadequate infrastructure, weak ability to drive local employment, and insufficient talent pool。
-- Some regions in the central and western regions borrowed money for construction, increasing risks。The reporter found in the investigation that the central and western regions have a huge demand for investment in infrastructure investment and scenic area facilities construction。The ratio of government debt is high in some regions。
Taking a county in the western region as an example, the county has better eco-tourism resources, and is planning to build related tourist trails and bicycle paths, with a total mileage of 46 kilometers。Such projects are expensive。However, due to the small number of tourists, the utilization efficiency will not be too high in the short term after completion, and the cash flow generated is difficult to support debt repayment。
Some experts warn that if local governments cannot reasonably grasp the scale of project construction according to actual needs and market possibilities, the government debt will continue to rise in the future, and the leverage ratio will rise further。
-- Town construction emphasizes "form" rather than "soul"。A city in Northwest China proposed to focus on building 6 to 10 characteristic towns。The reporter saw around the local old street: on the one hand, a large number of real estate development projects based on high-end residential communities and urban complexes are in full swing。On the other side, eight ancient Qing Dynasty garden-style buildings are facing demolition。
Some experts said that the town is still planning and building with real estate thinking, and did not "give way" to such a rare cultural heritage, but abandoned reconstruction。Even if the town is built, it has no character or cultural heritage。
The same situation,It also happened in a provincial capital city in the east: a large company signed an agreement with the local government,Preparing to create 'football town' in densely populated urban and rural junction,Planned commercial and residential projects require extensive demolition,But as a "quasi relocation" of the local residents feel,Neither "football" nor "town" are far from their lives。
Improve the software and hardware environment
Chen Yajun said,In the process of cultivating the characteristic town,The government should further clarify the boundary with the market,We must actively standardize and guide local practices,We will do a good job in building government ecosystems, entrepreneurship and innovation ecosystems, natural ecosystems and social ecosystems,At the same time, we should give full play to the role of enterprises in the process of construction of characteristic towns,Don't do everything。
First of all, to change the concept of management, to provide "shop second" type of service。
"They are not like investment personnel, but more like our peers, and they are peers with keen analysis and accurate judgment of the industry.。In the field of e-commerce, Cui Huangkou's team is the NO.1, it is also first-class in the country。"Liu Yan, CEO of Six Rooms, said。
Zhou Jianxiang, mayor of Cui Huangkou Town, Wuqing District, Tianjin, said that let enterprises rest assured to settle in, but also let enterprises feel comfortable to develop。Cui Huangkou always adheres to the concept of "serving others is developing oneself",Let the hardware and software environment that determines the allocation of market factors be "hard" together,Not only in ancillary services,Enable enterprises to "settle in",It also solves the common problems of capital, information technology, financial settlement, talent recruitment and logistics warehousing for small and medium-sized e-commerce enterprises in the early stage。
Second, foster innovation and entrepreneurship highland to attract talents to "nest"。Weng Jianrong, deputy director of Zhejiang Development and Reform Commission and executive deputy director of the Provincial Special Town Planning and Construction Joint Conference Office, said,Characteristic towns should aim at high-end industries and high-end industries,The introduction of industry leading team, growth enterprises,As well as college graduates, executives of large enterprises, scientific and technological personnel, returnees from overseas entrepreneurs, the "new Fourth Army" came to the town to start businesses and innovate,Cultivate industry "singles champions",Build an industrial innovation highland integrating industrial chain, investment chain, innovation chain, talent chain and service chain。
Finally, we must not only achieve the development environment to retain people, but also achieve the living environment to retain people。The reporter learned in many interviews,Many characteristic towns in addition to industrial planning,We are also focusing more on meeting the multi-level needs of talents such as accommodation, catering, entertainment, shopping, education and medical care,Combine the local characteristic ecological environment to improve the regional ecological landscape,Achieve the same "attractive" development environment and living environment。